Virginia Research Day 2025

Medical Student Research Clinical

35 Co-Morbid Incidence of Endometriosis and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Large-Scale Cohort Analysis

Cara Satoskar, OMS-II; Erin Onken, OMS-II; Elizabeth Yi, OMS-II; Kaitlyn McGinley, OMS-II; Maryam Zahid, OMS-II; Ramzi Badra, OMS-II; Leona Jafari, OMS-II; Anita Register, DO Corresponding author: csatoskar@vcom.edu

Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine - Virginia Campus

diagnosed ENDO from an initial sample of 194,624 participants who identified their sex at birth as female. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to create a balanced cohort by 1:1 matching ENDO cases with controls based on age, race, ethnicity, and BMI, resulting in 10,684 participants. Incidence rates of T1DM were compared between groups, with chi square and Fisher’s exact tests assessing associations and logistic regression adjusting for confounders. RESULTS: T1DM incidence was higher in the ENDO group (3.16%) than in the control group (1.70%), showing a statistically significant association (χ² = 23.37, p < 0.001). Fisher’s exact test and logistic regression analyses indicated that ENDO

was associated with nearly twice the odds of T1DM (odds ratio = 1.89, p < 0.001), even after adjusting for confounding variables. CONCLUSION: This study reveals a significant association between ENDO and T1DM, with observed T1DM rates higher than the general U.S. population rate (0.46%), suggesting unique risk factors within this cohort. These findings underscore the need for greater clinical awareness of metabolic and autoimmune risks in ENDO patients. Future research should investigate underlying mechanisms and assess if monitoring for T1DM in ENDO patients could mitigate risk, particularly as ENDO severity may correlate with glucose metabolism disruptions.

INTRODUCTION: Endometriosis (ENDO) and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) are chronic conditions prevalent among reproductive-age women, each marked by immune and inflammatory dysregulation. Shared mechanisms, such as elevated cytokine levels, immune modulation, and disrupted glucose metabolism, may link these conditions, though the incidence of co-morbid T1DM in individuals with ENDO is underexplored. This retrospective cohort analysis assesses the prevalence and risk of T1DM in ENDO patients using data from the All of Us Research Database. METHODS: After excluding participants with incomplete data, we identified 5,342 participants with

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